What are the methods used during this process?

Root canal retreatment involves reopening the tooth, removing any previous filling material, thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting the root canals, and then refilling and sealing them. During this procedure, restorative elements such as the crown or post placed on the tooth are removed to access the canals. Advanced techniques such as microscopes and ultrasonic instruments are often used to locate additional canals or treat unusual anatomy. In some cases, endodontic surgery, such as surgical removal of the root apex (apicoectomy), may be necessary. After the retreatment, it is important to apply a new restoration, usually a crown, to protect the tooth and restore its function.