What is the risk of complications after surgical tooth extraction?

The risk of complications after surgical tooth extraction varies depending on the tooth’s position, the patient’s age, and overall health. Studies show that complications occur in 10-12.4% of cases. The most common complication is dry socket (alveolar osteitis), which occurs in 0.5-5% of cases with standard tooth extractions and in 25-30% of cases with the extraction of impacted lower seventh teeth. Other potential problems include infection, bleeding, swelling, trismus (difficulty opening the mouth), and nerve damage. Inferior alveolar nerve damage, particularly near the lower tooth root, can result in temporary or permanent numbness in the lower lip and chin and occurs in 0.04-5% of cases. Smoking, use of birth control, and surgical trauma can increase the risk of complications. Following postoperative care instructions and maintaining good oral hygiene are crucial for preventing complications.